Close detail of tree bark in the grove
Appendix · Sources

What the claims
rest on.

References & methodology

Seven citations

Specific pharmacological and design claims across this site are cited to primary literature below. Where a claim rests on traditional use or preliminary preclinical evidence rather than a controlled human trial, it says so.

Nothing here is medical advice.

  1. Yang J-P, He H, Lu Y-H, et al. Multitasking bamboo leaf-derived compounds in prevention of infectious, inflammatory, atherosclerotic, metabolic, and neuropsychiatric diseases. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2022. sciencedirect.com

    Cited for: bamboo-leaf C-glycoside flavonoids (orientin, vitexin, isoorientin, isovitexin) — cardiovascular, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective activity.
  2. Kanjanasirirat P, Suksatu A, Manopwisedjaroen S, et al. High-content screening of Thai medicinal plants reveals Boesenbergia rotunda extract and its component Panduratin A as anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents. Scientific Reports 10, 19963 (2020). nature.com

    Cited for: panduratin A (fingerroot / Boesenbergia rotunda) SARS-CoV-2 inhibition in a cell-based screen. Note: in vitro (Vero E6 cell) study, not a clinical trial.
  3. Herrlinger KA, Nieman KM, Sanoshy KD, et al. Spearmint Extract Improves Working Memory in Men and Women with Age-Associated Memory Impairment. J Altern Complement Med. 2018;24(1):37–47. liebertpub.com

    Cited for: rosmarinic-acid-rich spearmint extract and working memory. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled (n=90).
  4. Serraclara A, Hawkins F, Pérez C, et al. Hypoglycemic action of an oral fig-leaf decoction in type-I diabetic patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1998;39(1):19–22. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

    Cited for: fig-leaf (Ficus carica) decoction lowering post-prandial glucose. Controlled crossover trial in insulin-dependent patients.
  5. Götsch E. Break-through in Agriculture. Rio de Janeiro: AS-PTA, 1995. See also Agenda Gotsch: agendagotsch.com

    Cited for: attribution of syntropic / successional agroforestry to Ernst Götsch.
  6. Mollison B, Holmgren D. Permaculture One. Melbourne: Transworld, 1978. Holmgren D. Permaculture: Principles & Pathways Beyond Sustainability. 2002.

    Cited for: attribution of permaculture design to Mollison & Holmgren.
  7. Magurran AE. Measuring Biological Diversity. Oxford: Blackwell, 2004.

    Cited for: interpretation of Shannon H′ — typical range 1.5–3.5, values above ~4 rare and characteristic of the most diverse tropical systems.

Other compound and traditional-use notes in the Apothecary — butterfly-pea ternatins, black-turmeric constituents, lemon-balm anxiolytic and antiviral activity, fingerroot gingerols and shogaols — reflect ethnobotanical use and emerging preclinical research, and are not individually cited in this pass. Read them as traditional-use information, not clinical guidance. Where this site measures something itself rather than citing it, it says where the number came from: Field Data carries the instrument's own provenance chain.

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